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Tab Tip – Customizing the Base Map in XMap

December 14, 2010

One of the key distinctions between XMap and the other GIS software offerings is the fact that XMap has a fully integrated vector base map at its core. DeLorme has been building and independently managing its extensive road and street XMap Advicedatabase for almost 30 years, so we do not have to rely on third-party companies to provide this map information for our customers. Furthermore, we readily update the map data based on the latest information from departments of transportation, local government, and our software users.

Within XMap, the road and street database greatly enhances the functionality of the software. It enables the routing and navigation tools; it is employed in the geocoding of location-based data; it facilitates address and place name searches; and much more.

Perhaps most importantly, the road and street map data offers a spatial perspective for the data layers that are imported into the GIS tab. In this context it is often necessary to “clean up” the map to avoid the appearance of clutter. For instance, if you are mapping your customers’ locations you may wish to disable other points of interest to avoid confusion, or if you are viewing a GIS layer showing forest stands, you may want to limit the base map to just the major roads and hydro features.

XMap offers the option of customizing the appearance of the base map data by turning off unwanted features. This is achieved by adjusting the settings in the Map Features tab in the Options window, which is accessed from the toolbar at the top of the screen.

When you select the Map Features tab, you will see a list of the primary components of the map along with check boxes that allow these feature types to be turned on or off. Included in this list are such options as major and minor roads, town borders, and a coordinate grid.

XMap AdviceFor more control over the contents of the map, check the box next to Use Custom Map Features and click the adjacent Customize Map Features button. This brings up an expandable list of individual feature types, each of which can be enabled or disabled as needed. It also offers a search function for quickly finding a specific type of feature.

The Custom Map Features approach provides a high level of control over the map contents. For example, within the Line category, there are nine types of lines, including Boundaries, Hydrographic Features, and Land Thoroughfares. The latter can be further expanded to show 12 classes of roads and streets such as Local or Rural Roads and Primary Limited Access Roads, which in turn can be expanded to show such map features as State Route Toll Roads and Interstates. Select or clear the check box next to each individual feature type or class to enable or disable that feature or group of features.

A commonly used approach for map customization is to first disable all map features using the None button in the Map Features window. After you click Apply, the map window will be blank. Specific features can now be selected as needed to display only those map objects that are applicable to your requirements. All customized feature options are saved in the current XMap project file so multiple settings can be established and individually saved for future use.

For more information on map customization and other XMap features and functions, refer to the Help system in the software.

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XMap Q&A- I noticed that XMap GIS Editor offers the option to export GIS layers in Google’s KML format. Can you explain what this is?

August 25, 2010

If you clicked the link for this article in the hopes that you would find a detailed description of the internal structure of KML, I apologize. In keeping with the DeLorme philosophy of ensuring that technology is as straightforward and accessible as possible, what follows is a layman’s approach to using Google’s mapping tools in conjunction with XMap. Detailed information on Google’s Keyhole Markup Language can be found in this KML Tutorial. Thankfully XMap 7 has been configured to automatically assign the necessary code so there’s no need to worry about what’s under the hood.

By way of laying the groundwork for describing the XMap to Google procedure, let’s begin by developing a simple hypothetical scenario. You have been tasked with capturing the location of, and collecting critical information about several sites, and you have been informed that your data must be presented in such a way as to make it available to the required stakeholders. On the assumption that the target audience is not GIS aficionados, your options are limited to a static printed map or a more universal online data delivery mechanism, which is where Google comes in. In composing this article, it is hoped that you can translate this simplistic scenario into a real-world application that reflects the typical workflow in your workplace.

To begin the process, the requisite GIS layer is created in XMap and populated with all of the required attribute fields. For our simple scenario, the point layer will include fields for the site name, type and an arbitrary numeric value to be assigned to each point.

To begin the process, the requisite GIS layer is created in XMap and populated with all of the required attribute fields. For our simple scenario, the point layer will include fields for the site name, type and an arbitrary numeric value to be assigned to each point.

Next, an XMap Form is created that will allow the data collection to be performed using a handheld Earthmate PN-Series GPS receiver. Step-by-step instructions on how to create XMap Forms are available here.
This empty layer is then deployed to a PN-Series device and all of the site information is recorded using the Waypoint button and the subsequent form. When complete, XMap’s merge function efficiently integrates this field-collected data into the original layer.

That’s the easy part; now we need to share our data.

Before exporting a KML file it is a good idea to assign a label to each object in the layer. The absence of an assigned label will result in Google applying a generic name to each point. In this case the field called Site Name will be used as a label. Click the Tools button in the GIS Workspace and select label to choose the label field.

The symbology applied to a point layer in XMap is not carried through to either Google Earth or Google Maps so there is no need to customize the symbol type before generating the KML file. The style applied to lines and polygon layers is recorded in the KML file and therefore your symbology selection for these data types will be reflected in the Google map.

To generate the KML file, simply click the Layers button in the GIS Workspace and select Export… In the resulting dialog box, use the Save as type dropdown list to select OGC KML format and type a name for your file. Unlike a shapefile, all of the constituent parts of a KML including the geometry and the attributes file are contained in a single file.

Google offers two choices for importing and displaying KML files, Google Earth and Google Maps. While they share many of the same functions and interface features they differ in terms of the platform within which the maps and data are rendered. Google Earth is a downloadable application while Google Maps is a browser-based tool. In both cases, the actual maps are delivered via the web.

For this scenario we will describe the process of creating an interactive map containing our collected points within Google Maps. This will allow us to share the data by simply sending each party a URL instead of requiring each recipient to install a local version of Google Earth. This procedure requires that the person creating the map has a Google account (or a Gmail address).

Follow these steps to publish your XMap-created points:

  1. Type http://maps.google.com/ into your web browser.
  2. On the left of the page, click the My Maps link. First time users will be prompted to login; returning visitors will see a list of previously created sites.
  3. Type a name for your site and, if necessary, type a brief description.
  4. Select the appropriate privacy settings. Normally Unlisted is the preferred option as this ensures that only those with access to the URL will see your data.
  5. Click the Import button and in the resulting dialog box, click the Choose File button.
  6. Select the KML file previously created in XMap. Note that there is a 10MB limit per file which, for large layers, may necessitate segmenting the original GIS data into several sections. Multiple KML files can be uploaded to each map.
  7. Click the Upload from File button. The Google map automatically redraws to display your points and a list of the records is generated on the left side of the screen
  8. Click a point on the map to display the attributes for that point and, when in Edit mode, to manually adjust the symbolization.
  9. Click the Done button to create the map

Each Google Map is assigned an unique URL which can be emailed to all of the required recipients. Use the Email button at the top right corner of the map window or click the Link button to copy the URL. Web developers can even use the included html code to embed the map into an existing web site.

View PN-40-Collected Data in Google Maps.

A description of the development and management of a GIS is often condensed into a simple three-step process: data collection; data processing; and data sharing. The PN-Series GPS receivers are ideally suited for the first stage; XMap provides a powerful set of tools for stage two; and with the inclusion of KML support in XMap 7 Google’s online mapping services offer a readily available option for stage three.

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XMap at Work – Using XMap in the Field of Wind Energy Development

April 21, 2010

The rapid growth of the alternative energy sector, and of wind energy companies in particular, over the last decade was initially of little interest to DeLorme. XMap had garnered a loyal following in many traditional industries and our time and resources were directed towards servicing those seemingly lucrative markets. Fast forward a few years and, to use the cliché, the winds have shifted.

It is worth noting that the widespread adoption of XMap by wind energy companies was not because DeLorme proactively sought out this opportunity but rather that wind power companies sought out XMap. It was a perfect fit. XMap offered just the right level of GIS functionality, it was affordable, and it could be quickly learned by anyone with basic computer knowledge. As the word spread, XMap became the mapping application of choice for hundreds of wind energy companies in the U.S. and beyond.

Far from being specialists in the industry, DeLorme has learned a lot from working with wind energy companies. Much of this learning comes from direct contact with our customers and from asking the fundamental questions about how they use the product. The following applications, summarized from customer conversations, are typical for XMap in the wind energy industry.

Wind Potential Analysis
The most important consideration when planning a wind energy project is the availability of wind at the appropriate strength and consistency. This wind potential has been analyzed and mapped by wind resource specialists and the resulting data is usually available in shapefile format. The National Renewable Energy Lab offers a version of this data for most U.S. states at no cost. Shapefiles can be imported into XMap and the classification tool can be used to develop thematic maps showing areas of maximum potential.

Property Research and Acquisition
Property ownership information is becoming increasingly important for a wide variety of GIS applications. Local governments are responding to this demand by developing and updating digital parcel databases. When planning a wind energy project, the ownership and status of the targeted and adjacent properties are crucial considerations that could potentially derail a project before it starts. XMap offers two alternatives for creating a property layer. In those areas where digital files like shapefiles are available, you can simply import the layer. Unfortunately, many wind projects are planned in more remote areas where such data is not available; the alternative is to scan any available paper maps and use XMap’s ImageReg tool to create a geographically referenced raster or image layer as a base map.

Terrain Analysis
In the wind industry, terrain is an important factor in the project planning process. Topography can have a marked impact on the local wind patterns, which can cause problems with turbine installation. Also the terrain has a direct impact on some of the logistical decisions related to transportation, construction, and other project challenges. The topographic base map in XMap includes a digital elevation model which allows the representation of terrain through contours, shaded relief, 3-D modeling, and linear profiling all of which contribute to a more complete picture of the project site.

Optimal Turbine Placement
Factors to consider when choosing a turbine site include surface and sub-surface geology, proximity of obstructions, access to transmission infrastructure, accessibility for maintenance, and much more. XMap’s GIS functionality allows the simultaneous consideration of numerous layers of relevant information to aid in this problem solving or decision making process.

Impact Analysis
While harvesting the wind is generally considered to be a clean source of energy, it still exerts an impact on the environment and often on the surrounding community. Fragile ecosystems are sometimes threatened during construction and operation, turbines are installed close to avian migration paths, for some, the visual or audible impact can be problematic. XMap’s buffer tool is used extensively in this type of analysis where a defined area around a project or conversely, around an adjacent habitat can be mapped and potential problems addressed to help mitigate any disputes.

Infrastructure Planning
The visible aspect of the construction of a wind project is obviously very conspicuous; however, the wind turbines are only half of the story. Developing a wind farm also entails developing roads, local transmission lines, maintenance facilities, and more. XMap’s CAD tools provide a straightforward way to map this infrastructure and to share the maps or data layers with contractors or construction crews

Community Outreach and Collaboration
A vital aspect of any wind energy project is engaging the local community. Often this outreach effort involves the presentation of the project details through maps and other printed materials. XMap’s printing functions provide the tools necessary to produce professional quality maps of any size incorporating imagery, GIS layers, topographic maps, and any other available data.

Compliance
After speaking with many wind energy companies, it has become abundantly clear that one of the biggest hurdles to the success of a wind project is regulatory compliance. XMap plays a role in overcoming this obstacle by providing the means to import, overlay, and analyze the appropriate data to ensure compliance. It also offers efficient presentation and data delivery tools to ensure that the supporting documentation and reports are supplemented with the highest quality maps.

Project Management
After construction is complete and a project is brought online, XMap continues to play a role. Turbine performance, maintenance schedules, and repairs can all be managed using XMap’s spatial database functionality. The new embedded document tool is ideally suited for this type of work. Reports, schematics, photographs, and virtually any other type of file can be assigned to a specific point on the map and can be retrieved, edited, and saved as needed.

Industry Research
At a much higher level, XMap is a perfect tool for conducting research on the wind industry itself. For example, it can be used to analyze the distribution of wind farms across the country and to visually represent the production capacity in each state. Information garnered from such studies can help pave the way for future wind energy development.

At DeLorme, we continue to learn from the expertise of our customers in the field of wind energy and in many other industries. This knowledge inspires us to design and develop products that provide value, encourage productivity, and promote efficiency.

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XMap Q&A – What is the difference between XMap’s Synchronization and Check-Out/In processes?

April 21, 2010

XMap GIS Enterprise offers two powerful tools for deploying data within a company or organization and, consequently, for collecting field data edits and integrating them into a central GIS database. Both Synchronization and Check-out/in involve the transfer of OpenSpace GIS layers from an Enterprise database to remote XMap users; however, the two data transfer processes and the functionality they enable for the recipients are significantly different. This article will cast some light on these two powerful functions of the XMap GIS suite and will help you decide which would be a more appropriate solution for your data deployment needs.

Synchronization
XMap’s synchronization process provides a simple tool for field personnel to automatically receive updates to GIS layers to which they have subscribed. The initial setup involves assigning access to the Enterprise database for each required user or each member of a designated Windows® group. This process is managed using XMap’s Database Manager application, which can be accessed from the Workspace in the GIS tab. A subscription file is generated and sent to each user for the purpose of establishing synchronization between their local XMap database and the central database. This process is initiated by simply double-clicking the file after it has been received.

Each user or group can be assigned a unique combination of layers by the data administrator and this selection can be modified at any time without the need to update the subscription file. For instance, if a field worker is reassigned to a new territory, the data administrator can simply clear the check boxes for the layers to which he or she was previously subscribed and then select the layers that are appropriate for their new assignment. Next time synchronization is initiated, the old layers will be removed and the new layers will be added to their Workspace.

Synchronization was originally designed as a means for field technicians to receive continually updated layers in a read-only format. In other words, regardless of which version of XMap is being used, the database that is automatically created to receive the synchronized layers does not offer editing functionality. However, the process does enable a redlining function that allows onscreen mark-ups to automatically be submitted to the Enterprise database during synchronization. These redline layers are essentially draw layers that can be scrutinized by the GIS manager to help ascertain if the referenced GIS data should be updated.

With the introduction of the optional XMap Forms capability in XMap 7, synchronization has assumed a higher level of functionality. If XMap Forms is enabled for a database user and a preformatted form is deployed along with a synchronized layer, the field worker can edit or collect new data points and can assign attributes based on any constraints that have been imposed by the data administrator. Edits to the data are then automatically applied to the original layer in the Enterprise database during synchronization. XMap Forms transforms synchronization from a remote data viewing function to a full data collection tool.

Data Check-Out/In
The data check-out and check-in process was developed to provide multiple XMap users the means to concurrently edit a single layer by assigning a specific geographic territory to each user. Multiple check-outs can be created from a single layer however their geographic coverage cannot overlap. When an individual is working within a defined territory, no one else can update any of the GIS objects within that area until that section is checked in.

The act of checking out a portion of a layer creates a new subset of the original layer that can be copied to a remote database while locking the assigned territory in the original layer. The new layer inherits all of the properties of the original including the available attribute fields, the classification and symbolization settings, and any queries that have been created. Most importantly, the recipient of a checked-out layer has full control over the geometric characteristics and the attributes of the layer and can add, delete, or edit points, lines, or polygons. For this reason, the check-out/in process typically involves the transfer of data between the Enterprise and Editor versions of XMap. There is limited value in checking out a layer to a user of XMap Professional because that application does not provide the requisite editing functionality.

The data check-out process is managed using the Check-out/in function in either the Enterprise or Editor versions of XMap, although the originating layer must be in an Enterprise database. A scalable grid is used to select specific tiles of data on the map and after the new layer is created, the assigned grids are highlighted to indicate their contents and cannot be edited or concurrently checked out to another XMap user.

The checked out layer must be assigned to a database other than the one containing the original layer. A data administrator can either create a new database on the same SQL server or, with the appropriate permissions, can create the layer in the local database of the end user. After this new layer has been created, the remote XMap user can update the geometric and attribute values of the layer within the assigned geographic limits.

Before an updated section of a layer is checked in, the data administrator can add it to their workspace to ascertain the quality of the work. If it is deemed acceptable, they can simply click the Check-in button to replace the original data with the updated features from the checked out layer. If it is not acceptable, they can click the Cancel button, which restores the layer to its original form and unlocks the formerly locked area. In either case, the checked out layer is automatically deleted from the remote database.

Which Data Distribution Mechanism Works Best?
There are advantages to both data transfer processes and the decision as to which to choose depends on several factors:

Synchronization may be a better solution if:

  • The number of targeted field users is relatively large as data can be simultaneously distributed to many individual users
  • There is likely to be more than one person working within a specific area
  • The field workers are using XMap Professional
  • The data layers in question are frequently updated
  • The data manager wishes to control the editing of the layers through the deployment of XMap Forms
  • The administrator wants to enable the field workers to initiate the transfer process when they are in a connected environment rather than manually assigning and collecting the appropriate layers from each user

Check-out/in is worth considering if:

  • The number of users is relatively small and the transfer process can be initiated manually
  • The data manager wishes to provide full editing control for all data types
  • The field workers have access to either XMap GIS Editor or Enterprise
  • There is a need to protect the data while one individual is working in an area to avoid potential conflicts
  • The administrator wishes to see and verify the data edits before the field-collected information is merged into the original layer

    What these components of XMap have in common is that they were both designed to streamline the flow of information within an organization and ultimately to make the task of sending and receiving data significantly more straightforward for GIS managers.

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    Tab Hint – Customizing the Topographic Base Map in XMap

    April 21, 2010

    DeLorme is justifiably proud of its pioneering endeavors in the field of digital mapping over the last 25 years. Those of us old enough to remember the early versions of Street Atlas USA® will recall the sense of amazement when we learned that virtually every road in the entire U.S. could fit onto one of those new-fangled CD ROMs. The basis for this amazing feat was the simple fact that all of the features on the map were efficiently stored in a database and rendered on the screen only when required. This vector-based approach to mapping is still the foundation of most of DeLorme’s software and data products, including the new World Base Map.

    The delivery of maps in vector format offers several advantages over raster data products, such as aerial imagery or scanned paper maps:

    • The data is much smaller so a wider geographic coverage area can be delivered per megabyte of storage
    • The data is updatable so periodic edits and corrections are relatively straightforward
    • The data display can be manipulated by the end user

    XMap users have several customization options that can be utilized to create a base map that is tailored to the needs or requirements of the project at hand:

    Map Features

    The Map Features tab in the Option dialog (accessible from the toolbar) offers two levels of control depending on the degree of customization required.

    • The main window offers a concise list of map feature types that can be checked on or off as needed. This list includes points of interest, minor roads, and map grids.
    • By selecting the Use Custom Map Features option at the bottom of the window, the base map contents can be fine tuned to a greater degree. Individual types of lines, points, and polygons can be displayed or hidden using the appropriate check boxes. A common approach to map feature customization is to initially disable all objects in the base map by selecting the None button and then individually turning on the features that are needed.

    Map Features settings are recorded in the current XMap project so it is possible to create template maps containing various combinations of features by creating and saving several projects.

    Contour Display

    In the topographic base map in XMap, contours are dynamically generated from the underlying digital elevation model. If required, the contours can be removed from the map using the Map Features settings as noted above. Alternatively, the interval or space between adjacent contours can be adjusted to accentuate the elevation in relatively flat terrain or to reduce the concentration of contour lines in mountainous areas. Note that the contour interval is automatically optimized at different zoom levels so it is usually not necessary to make manual adjustments.

    If necessity dictates, the contour properties can be adjusted in the Map Data tab by expanding Reference Data, then expanding Topography and right-clicking on Contours. In the resulting window, the first setting allows the selection of Low Density, High Density, or Custom contour spacing as well as the selection of the zoom level at which contours first appear. If Custom is selected, the next window provides the opportunity to set the contour interval within specified zoom levels. It also offers the option to establish the major contours at each zoom level, which stipulates which contour lines are labeled on the map.

    The next window in the Contour Properties dialog box offers the option to adjust the overall zoom level range for contours. The final window is used to select the map views in which the contours will be displayed.

    Shaded Relief

    The pattern of shaded relief or terrain shadow is employed by XMap to emphasize the topography and, as with contours, it is generated dynamically from the digital elevation model. The shaded relief pattern can be adjusted to imply an alternative light source position so the simulated shadow falls on a different side of each mountain or hill.

    To make this adjustment, right-click Shaded Relief in the Map Data tab and click Properties. The first screen in the Shaded Relief Properties window has settings to change the sun bearing and inclination or angle above the horizon, as well as the brightness range for the shadow effect. As with the contour settings, the next screens provide the option to choose the zoom level range and map selection within which the shaded pattern will appear.

    Map Colors

    Under the Display section of XMap’s Options window, there are three Map Colors options. Topo Colors, the default setting displays all topographic features as well as land cover information; Street Colors mirrors the map view in DeLorme’s Street Atlas USA—with no contours, shaded relief, or land cover—for a simple street view; the High-Contrast Colors option renders the map with darkened features and is intended for in-vehicle use, especially when driving at night when the brightness of the screen can be distracting.

    Magnification

    Also contained within the Display Options window, the Magnification drop-down list can be used to alter the size of the features, text, and symbols on the map. The most common use is to increase the magnification so that objects appear larger and text is easier to read, especially on a small screen with a high screen resolution. Note that on the GPS tab in the Options dialog, a check box offers the option to automatically magnify the map when GPS tracking is enabled.

    Layering

    There are two ways to adjust the layering hierarchy on the map depending on whether the layer in question is raster or vector. By default, the layering sequence starts with base map vectors at the bottom followed by raster layers such as aerial imagery, and GIS and draw layers on top. Often it is necessary to display specific features from the base map on top of a raster or a GIS layer or to adjust the layering hierarchy of specific GIS layers.

    To adjust raster layering, locate the layer in question in the Map Data tab and right-click to select Properties. If necessary, click Next to display the Data Positioning window and, using the drop-down list, select the feature class that you wish to display on top of the raster layer. Note that because of the hierarchical structure of the base map data, the chosen selection will also include those objects that appear above it in the list. For instance, if Roads is selected, Town Borders, Business POIs, etc, will also appear. If these additional features are not needed, they can be filtered using the Map Features settings noted above.

    By default, this layering behavior will be applied to the selected data throughout its entire zoom level range; however, it is also possible to establish a different layering sequence for a specified zoom level range.

    GIS layering is controlled from the Layering section of the GIS tab. As each new layer is imported or created, it is assigned a z-level value of 4500. By increasing or decreasing this value, the position of the selected layer can be moved up or down relative to other GIS layers or to features in the base map. The process of adjusting the layering can be performed by simply typing a new z-level value or by clicking and dragging a selected layer in the layering list and dropping it at the appropriate position in the hierarchy.

    The inherent flexibility of XMap’s topographic base map means that it is possible to create a truly unique map view as a foundation for clearly representing and emphasizing user data layers.

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    XMap Q&A—Why choose XMap as a component of your GIS infrastructure?

    March 23, 2010

    Today’s GIS professionals face a bewildering array of choices when it comes to selecting an appropriate mapping solution—from powerful and expensive desktop or server based packages to Web mapping tools to open source or freeware alternatives. In addition, GIS decision makers must choose which supplementary add-on or plug-in functionality will be needed; how critical data will be deployed to an expanding mobile workforce; and, perhaps most importantly, where to find a suitable base map.

    DeLorme’s XMap holds a unique position in the GIS landscape as an all-in-one solution designed to simplify the use of mapping technology for companies and organizations of every size. It includes all of the spatial data management tools that the majority of GIS users need for a fraction of the cost of traditional GIS software package. It is the only fully-functional GIS application that was developed by a map-making company; consequently, it includes an accurate, detailed, and customizable topographic base map as the foundation for all GIS projects.

    So what advantages does XMap hold over other GIS software packages?

    Value
    DeLorme’s approach to GIS has always been to expand access to mapping technology to as wide an audience as possible by offering software at a budget-friendly cost. Starting at under $200 for the Professional edition, XMap has proven time and again that it is possible to quickly see a return on investment through increased productivity and improved workflow efficiency.

    Usability
    DeLorme developed XMap on the same platform as its award winning recreational software titles. As a result, the interface is easy to navigate, the GIS data management is remarkably intuitive, and the learning curve is relatively gentle. A GIS can become a drain on resources if a disproportionally high percentage of time is spent trying to learn how to use the software. XMap’s uncomplicated layout ensures that your GIS will be up and running in no time.

    Straightforward Three-Tiered Approach
    XMap is available in three levels, differentiated by the degree of GIS functionality that they offer. All three versions are preconfigured with all of the features required for their intended use with no need for additional plug-in or add-in components. XMap GIS Enterprise provides corporate GIS management tools; XMap GIS Editor is ideally suited as a standalone GIS application; and XMap Professional is a low-cost GIS viewer, or, when used with XMap Forms, a field GIS data collector.

    Base Map Dataset Included
    For over 35 years, DeLorme has produced software and hardcopy map products of the highest quality and, as part of this process, has assembled one of the most complete and accurate map datasets available anywhere. As a byproduct of this effort, XMap includes a high-level reference base map for the entire world as part of the standard installation and every XMap software bundle includes a copy of DeLorme’s unique vector-based topographic map for the U.S. This highly-detailed dataset is preconfigured and adheres to DeLorme’s strict cartographic standards.

    Access to DeLorme’s Innovative Map Library
    Subscribe to the Map Library for under $30 per year and you will have at your disposal one of the most extensive imagery and map data archives available anywhere. The Map Library collection includes U.S. color and black and white aerial imagery, USGS quad maps, Canadian topographic maps, satellite imagery, high-resolution city imagery, and NOAA navigational charts. Download as much as you need, when you need it, and it’s yours to keep.

    Interoperability
    XMap supports a wide variety of third party GIS and CAD data files in both raster and vector format, allowing it to seamlessly integrate with your existing GIS infrastructure. The Enterprise edition even offers the option to access data layers directly from an ArcSDE database, eliminating the need for manual file export.

    Free Support
    If you ever have a need to call a member of the XMap support team, you can be sure that you will receive the help you need. The technical support group works closely with the software development department and they are intimately familiar with the workings of the software. Best of all, you will never pay a penny for technical support.

    Customized Training
    DeLorme is committed to ensuring that every XMap user has the knowledge and expertise necessary to utilize the software to meet their specific needs. To that end, DeLorme product specialists offer individualized training that focuses not only on the core functionality of the software but also on the unique requirements and workflow of each customer.

    Straightforward Installation
    With the requisite license number, XMap quickly and easily installs on any computer running a Windows® XP, Windows Vista®, or Windows 7. DeLorme’s generous licensing policy allows the software to be concurrently installed on a desktop and a laptop computer for easy transition for office- to field-based work. For the ultimate in flexibility, the XMap Enterprise License Agreement (ELA) allows an IT manager to efficiently manage the installation of XMap throughout a company or organization.

    Integrated GPS functionality
    For over 20 years, DeLorme has not only offered support for GPS technology through its various software titles, it has been a pioneering force in the development of inexpensive GPS receivers.

    XMap interfaces with GPS in two ways:

    • Real-time positional tracking and navigation
      Connect any compatible GPS receiver and click the GPS button on the toolbar to display your current location on the map. Used in conjunction with XMap’s route planning functionality, this transforms XMap into a powerful in-vehicle, voice-controlled navigation tool.
    • Data collection and transfer
      Waypoints and tracks can be exchanged with virtually any handheld GPS receiver, although for true GIS data collection functionality DeLorme’s Earthmate® PN-40 GPS is the clear choice. Utilizing XMap Forms capability, this remarkable device serves as a field-based extension of your GIS providing access to raster and vector layers and offering full attribute data collection.

    Efficient Data Distribution
    The Enterprise edition of XMap has been developed to enable the distribution of pertinent data to a wide audience using a simple synchronization procedure. When combined with XMap Forms, this synchronization becomes a two-way transfer process allowing data collected or edited in the field to be automatically integrated into a corporate GIS layer.

    XMap Forms
    Enabled using the Enterprise edition of the software suite, XMap Forms offers a user-friendly means to collect or edit GIS data, including attributes on a GPS-equipped laptop computer or on the Earthmate PN-40 GPS receiver. XMap Forms simplifies data collection and ensures data accuracy and consistency using drop-down lists, check boxes, and simple text entry. This unique component of the XMap suite provides true mobile GIS functionality using inexpensive off-the-shelf technology.

    Embedded Documents
    This notable addition to XMap’s spatial data management toolkit offers the means to attach an external file in virtually any format to an object in a GIS layer. Anyone with access to this layer can click the object on the map to upload, open, and even edit the file or document. The modified version is then automatically saved in the database.

    Peripheral Functionality
    While the primary focus of XMap is GIS data management, the software suite integrates an unparalleled collection of additional mapping tools that have been developed throughout DeLorme’s 30 years of innovation in the field of spatial technology. All versions of XMap include:

    • Image Registration
      Transform any image file, such as a scanned map or aerial photograph, into a geographically referenced map layer
    • Phone Search
      Query phone numbers from a database of over 160 million business and residential listings representing every phone book in the U.S. and Canada.
    • Radar Search
      Use this innovative find tool to search for objects in a GIS layer within a specified distance of your current location and automatically update the search results as you travel.
    • Routing
      Plan cross-country trips, delivery schedules, or provide jobsite directions to your contractors using DeLorme’s powerful routing engine and unsurpassed road and street network.
    • Road and Street Drawing
      Add new routable roads and streets to the base map by free-hand drawing or by converting a field-collected GPS track file.
    • Image Tagger
      Use GPS technology to automatically assign photographs to the location where they were taken and place hyperlinked symbols on the map providing immediate access to each picture.
    • Web Publishing
      Post a map online for free using the MapShare function or create and manage your own online interactive GIS with XMap Web.
    • Printing
      Print or plot high-quality maps of any size using a collection of cartographic page layout tools.

    If you are looking for a GIS solution that costs less, is easy to learn, and includes all of the spatial data management tools that you need, right out of the box, take a look at XMap.

    Posted in Uncategorized, XMap Q&A | Leave a Comment »

    XMap at Work—Using XMap to Help in Wildfire Management

    March 23, 2010

    In the field of wildfire management, GIS and GPS technology are becoming important tools, not only for the management of ground operations and the creation of incident status maps but also for real-time monitoring of critical data and position when the firefighting effort takes to the air. By combining easy-to-use GIS functionality with GPS navigation, XMap offers a truly unique and incredibly valuable tool for this application.

    The following excerpts are taken from an article written for Wildfire Magazine by Mark Zaller and Dan Ward, both Air Attack pilots, on the critical role played by XMap in tackling wildfires from the air. The article describes how they have implemented a unique application for XMap that provides an airborne GIS platform used in tandem with infrared (IR) photo and video capture. This combined technology allows the team to monitor the terrain, record the flight course, make on-the-spot decisions based on GIS-based information, and capture a visual record of the mission.

    “DeLorme XMap is the only software that does it all, because GIS files (ESRI .shp) are directly imported without translation. Every morning GIS teams upload their data on to ftp.nfic.gov and downloading these maps is as free and easy as surfing any web page. Loading the GIS on the plane’s systems is another one of those drag-and-drop maneuvers. Start DeLorme XMap GIS while on the ground, drag-and-drop today’s files on the computer map.”

    “The system always runs automatically showing IR, moving topographic maps and fire GIS. For those who do want to touch the map, a mouse click will zoom in to the name of everything all the way down to individual buildings, or out to see the big picture.”

    “Sending maps and IR photos to the Incident Command Team on the ground is a bi-product of this technology. We in the air want IR and GIS for tactical reasons and for safety. Because the equipment is easy to use, the IR and moving map with current fire overlays has become like another window in the airplane.”

    “Seeing crews through smoke while circling above, identifying fire lines before arriving, zooming into the name of every bump, creek, and road, and instantly finding hand-cut lines or drop points, is all worth its weight in gold.”

    “The moving topographic maps in XMap can be oriented in direction of flight and show agency boundaries along with detailed maps, and of course our fire perimeter as mapped by the GIS technicians. Improved safety and situational awareness is elevated to a new level for the Air Tactical Group Supervisor (ATGS) and pilot. Aerial firefighters say IR and GIS is a 30% overall improvement in tactical effectiveness, and possibly the best new thing since using the airplane for Air Attack.”

    “Capturing video is also incredibly useful for airborne operations and when used in tandem with XMap, whole fires have been translated to a map within about 30 minutes of the first Air Attack aircraft landing; long before an infrared helicopter arrives or the GIS team has assembled.”

    “Watching the video is almost like sitting in the back seat of the aircraft with GPS track previously recorded by DeLorme in one window and the video at the same time in another window or a second display. The moving-map GPS window shows precise location at every instant, and the rolling video is like looking out the window as you virtually fly along. Now without getting airsick anyone can easily draw fire lines until they get it exactly right by simply rolling the video.  This system can do the work of a whole team of intelligence field observers in just a few minutes from the safety of a cool office.”

    Click here to read the complete article in Wildfire Magazine

    Posted in Uncategorized, XMap at Work | Leave a Comment »

    Tab Tip—Using XMap’s Embedded Document Function to Manage Files Geographically

    March 23, 2010

    XMap’s embedded document function, which has been an integral component of the software for several years, was introduced as a means to associate files with individual objects in a GIS layer and to store a version of each file in the XMap database. The primary intent of this function was to provide an efficient way to attach supplementary information or data about an object (for example, a photograph or a schematic diagram) that could not easily be assigned to the available attribute fields and to ensure that anyone with access to the layer would also have access to the associated files.

    The original embedded document tool was designed to allow the associated files to be opened and, if necessary, locally saved; however, there was no document editing function that would offer the end user the ability to modify or update the file. If a field worker was required to fill out a report at the jobsite and the blank report was attached to the appropriate object in the GIS layer, the technician would have to save a local version and send it by e-mail to the project manager.

    New Embedded Document Functionality
    The embedded document feature has been significantly enhanced in XMap 7:

    • Embedded documents can be opened, edited, and saved back into the database.
    • Documents can be uploaded from the attribute table or by right-clicking at the location of an object on the map.
    • When employing XMap’s data synchronization function, newly uploaded or edited documents are automatically incorporated into the master layer.
    • When using XMap Forms, image files uploaded as embedded documents are displayed in the form itself.
    • Documents can be uploaded using any version of XMap 7, although either the Editor or Enterprise version is needed to create the required document field.
    • An initial value can be assigned to a document field so that a default file, such as a blank report, is automatically added when each new object is created in the layer.

    Embedded Document Considerations
    There are several key issues that should be considered when setting up embedded documents:

    • To upload a file or document, the layer must have an attribute field with Document assigned as the data type. This usually entails manually generating the field after the layer is created or imported.
    • Virtually any file can be uploaded using the embedded document function. XMap does not open the file so there is no internal compatibility or formatting issues. Instead, the action of opening the file triggers the appropriate application as assigned within the Windows® operating system. For instance, if bitmaps are normally opened with Microsoft® Paint, clicking an embedded bitmap will launch that application as well.
    • Embedding a document creates a new version of the file that is distinct from the original that was uploaded. If the original is edited, these changes will not be reflected in the embedded version.
    • Access to the file or document is through the local or central XMap database within which the GIS layer is stored. Unlike a URL which works by recording the path to the original file, embedding the document allows it to be opened at a remote location.
    • If multiple files are associated with a single object in a layer, a separate document field will be needed for each file. For instance, if there are four photographs associated with a GIS object, four document fields will be required.
    • OpenSpace GIS layers with embedded documents will be significantly larger, which is an important consideration when synchronizing or manually sharing OpenSpace transfer files.

    Setting up a Layer to Allow Document Embedding
    Before uploading a file, the layer needs to be configured to allow documents to be embedded through the creation of a document field. This is done using the following steps:

    1. In the GIS tab, click the Attributes button and select Design View.
    2. Click the Options button and click Add Simple Field.
    3. Type a name for the field, which will appear as a column heading in the attribute table.
    4. From the Data Type drop-down list, select Document.
    5. Click OK.

    Note that a document field cannot be created using a formula so the Add Formula Field option does not offer Document in the data type list. If Add Constrained Field is selected, Document is available as an option in the data type list, but the only constraint that can be applied is to assign a specific document as an initial value. This means that all new objects will include a copy of the same embedded document. This does not, however, assign the document to existing objects in the layer.

    Uploading Documents
    There are two methods for embedding a document within an object in a layer:
    From the Attributes Tab
    In the Attributes, Datasheet View, scroll to the document column and locate the required object in the attribute list. If no document is present, the cell displays the word <null>. When the cursor is positioned over this cell, an arrow automatically appears and, after clicking the arrow, a drop-down list is displayed. Initially, the only option is Upload, which opens the Upload File dialog box from where the required file can be selected. After uploading the file, the file name will appear in the cell.
    From the Map
    After positioning the cursor over the appropriate point, line, or polygon on the map, right-click and select Documents. If no existing document is present, the only option will be Upload, which opens the Upload File dialog box as described above.
    Opening, Editing, and Saving Embedded Documents
    If a document or file has been uploaded and associated with an object in a GIS layer, there are several additional choices in the Documents drop-down list on the map or in the attributes table. The list now includes View, Save As, Upload, and Delete. Additionally, if the file is in an editable format such as text, Edit is also available. The Edit option allows the file to be modified and the changes saved into the database.

    The ability to edit an attached file is the most powerful feature of the embedded document tool. Any version of XMap 7 can be used to access files that are directly tied to their appropriate geographic location and additional information or notes can be added to the files right at the jobsite.

    Distributing GIS Layers with Embedded Documents
    XMap’s data synchronization function is a perfect complement to the embedded documents tool. Data synchronization provides a quick and efficient tool for distributing updated GIS layers throughout a company or organization. Because embedded documents reside in the OpenSpace database, these files are also synchronized—ensuring that the most up-to-date documents are available to those who need them most.

    If a synchronized layer contains a document field, the recipient of the layer has the option to upload a file or edit an existing embedded document. As part of the subsequent synchronization process, the uploaded or updated file is automatically added to the central GIS database and is available to all XMap users in the company.

    When an OpenSpace transfer file is created by exporting a GIS layer from XMap, any embedded documents that are associated with that layer are incorporated in the file and can be accessed when the file is imported by another XMap user. This process can be used to efficiently distribute geographically referenced files in situations where synchronization is not being used.

    Using Embedded Documents with XMap Forms
    XMap Forms, another new feature of XMap 7, provides a user-friendly mechanism for collecting or editing GIS layers and their accompanying attributes. If a form that includes a document field is created, the form provides buttons for uploading, deleting, and, if appropriate, editing the file. If an image is embedded, a thumbnail of the image itself is displayed in the form. Clicking this thumbnail opens an enlarged version of the image.

    Document fields are compatible with forms created for use in XMap, but they cannot be used in a form created for the Earthmate PN-40, DeLorme’s handheld GPS receiver and data collector.

    Embedded Documents at Work
    In virtually all GIS applications, the embedded documents functionality in XMap offers a valuable supplement to the attribute management capability of the software and provides the means to manage files in the context of their geographic location. This allows convenient site-specific access to the documents that are associated with that particular location. Examples of embedded documents at work in specific industries include:

    Oil and Gas
    Attach pipeline maintenance reports to each pipeline segment. As each pipeline is inspected, the field technician can complete and automatically submit the report to comply with the necessary regulations.

    Real Estate
    Attach multiple building photographs to each property in the GIS layer. Add a field to attach detailed property specifications or information about comparable properties.

    Natural Resource Management
    Upload photographs to provide a visual context to data sampling locations in habitat or environmental impact studies. Using XMap Forms, click the GPS button to automatically create a new point and assign each photograph to the correct location.

    One-call Administration
    Assign a copy of a one-call ticket to each proposed dig location in a GIS layer. Automatically distribute the ticket to field crews using XMap’s synchronization tool.

    Wind Energy Development
    Embed detailed meteorological data pertaining to proposed wind farm sites. Upload a spreadsheet with details of the properties within a designated area of impact.

    Surveying and Engineering
    Upload scanned or digital copies of engineering blueprints and plans. Use XMap as a project management tool allowing efficient access to the appropriate sheets at each site of the project.

    Utility Mapping
    Embed detailed wiring diagrams at each junction location or utility access point. In the event of an emergency, the necessary repair information can be accessed by simply right-clicking at the current location on the map.

    Delivery and Dispatch Management
    Attach a copy of the shipping details to all delivery locations. At each site, right click the map to display the delivery list.

    The enhanced embedded documents functionality in XMap 7 extends the attribute management capability to include complementary information in external files or documents. By offering the option to edit the contents of these associated files and allow the uploading of files in virtually any format, the data collection capability of XMap is limitless

    Posted in Tab Tips, Uncategorized | Leave a Comment »

    XMap at Work—Using the PN-40 GPS for GIS Data Collection

    February 23, 2010

    One of the most significant new functions of the XMap 7 suite is XMap Forms. This innovative mobile GIS tool provides the opportunity for field technicians to view, edit, and collect GIS data using a laptop computer or an Earthmate PN-40 GPS receiver. After returning from the field, edits, additions, or other modifications can be automatically merged into an XMap GIS layer.

    On the PN-40, XMap Forms functionality offers the ability to:

    • Record the location of field assets
    • Collect attribute data using preformatted drop-down lists, check boxes, and simple text entry
    • Verify the positional accuracy of current data layers
    • Modify the attributes for existing point locations
    • Move a point to a new set of coordinates
    • Delete existing points
    • Save collected data in GPX format
    • Store multiple forms, each containing their own data collection parameters for a variety of field applications

    There are several considerations that should be addressed before deploying XMap Forms on the PN-40 for your mobile GIS operations:

    • To build an XMap form, you must have access to a copy of XMap 7 GIS Enterprise to create the requisite XMap 7 Enterprise database. XMap 7 GIS Editor includes the necessary tools for creating and managing forms, but not for creating the appropriately formatted database.
    • The PN-40s on which XMap Forms will be used should be upgraded to the latest Pro firmware.
    • The devices must be equipped with an SD card.
    • A GIS layer on which the form is built should be imported or created in the XMap 7 Enterprise database. Any data collected using a form is automatically appended to this layer.
    • It is not necessary to assign all attribute fields associated with a layer to a form.
    • Multiple PN-40s can be employed to collect data that is later integrated into a single GIS layer.
    • The process of merging collected data does not require each PN-40 to be connected to the host computer running XMap. There are several manual file transfer options that allow field-collected data to be submitted from a remote location.
    • Using XMap Forms on the PN-40 requires no additional forms license or locally installed software and the device itself requires no hardware upgrade.

    Creating, Transferring, and Collecting Data on the PN-40 Using a Form

    Step 1—Configuring a GIS Layer

    As noted above, an XMap form is associated with a GIS layer in an XMap Enterprise database and therefore the first step in creating a form is to ensure the layer in question contains the required attribute fields. A form can be created using an imported GIS layer or a using a layer that is designed and developed in XMap specifically for this purpose. In either case, it will be necessary to establish certain field constraints to enable accurate and efficient data entry on the PN-40. Applying constraints to a field establishes limits on the data or values that can be entered when collecting or editing field information.

    For an imported layer, the Attribute Design View in the GIS tab allows existing fields to be edited and constraints to be applied. To achieve this, simply right-click the attribute name in the Design View and click Edit Field. Depending on the data type, constraints can be applied that limit the number of characters that can be entered; that define an upper and lower range for the numeric values; or that specify a finite list of text entries that are acceptable. If an imported layer is pre-populated with existing points and attributes, the Suggest Values button will automatically create the list of value constraints based on what is currently contained in that field. This list can be manually supplemented with additional values if it is assumed that certain field-collected points will be attributed with data that is not included in the current list.

    When creating a new layer for the purpose of collecting data on the PN-40, each field will be created manually. XMap 7 offers three options for creating fields:

    • Simple Field
      Use this option if you want manual text or number entry on the device without any constraints. Simple Field also offers the option to create a Boolean field which is manifested as a simple check box on the PN-40
    • Formula Field
      Formula fields, which are derived from a formula applied to an existing field, are not compatible with the PN-40 and cannot be used in a PN-40 form.
    • Constraint Field
      As noted above, this allows limits to be applied to the values that are added to a form. When creating a constraint field in a new layer, the Suggest Values button is not available as there are no preexisting values—therefore, the list of expected values must be manually typed. It is a good idea to include “Other” as a value constraint and to add a following simple text field to the form to allow text entry in the event that field observations do not match the constraints.

    A Constraint Field can be assigned an initial value which will automatically be inserted with each new record. This option is usually applied if the vast majority of field-collected records have the same value and it eliminates redundant steps in the data collection process.

    When symbolizing a layer from which a PN-40 form is created, be sure to use the Earthmate PN-Series symbol set. This ensures that the points displayed on the device will look the same as they do in XMap. If a layer is classified, all classes including the Null class must be assigned an Earthmate PN-Series symbol.

    Step 2—Using XMap’s Form Builder

    After the requisite GIS layer has been created and formatted with the necessary constraints, it’s time to build your XMap form. The form builder window is accessed in one of three ways: from the XMap Forms button in XMap’s toolbar; by right-clicking the appropriate layer in the Workspace and choosing Forms; or by clicking the Tools menu above the Workspace table and selecting Forms. Whichever method is chosen, click the Create option.

    In the Create New Form window, there are several required steps for creating a form for the PN-40:

    • Enter a name for the form in the Form Name field. This is automatically populated with the name of the corresponding layer, but it can be edited if needed.
    • Change the Form Type dropdown to PN-compatible Form. XMap-only forms will not work on the PN-40.
    • If the PN-40 is being used to collect as well as view data, set the Form Operations selection to Add Data. Note that this setting will also allow points to be edited or deleted on the device.
    • If necessary, type a description for the form.
    • Under Attributes, add the fields you wish to include in the form using the arrow buttons and if required, adjust the order in which they appear.
    • To ensure that the correct Earthmate PN-Series symbols are assigned when points are displayed on the device, make sure you transfer the classification field to the form. This will be listed as a non-editable field.
    • To manually lock specific fields, ensuring the data cannot be deleted or modified, check the box next to the appropriate fields.

    When creating a form for the PN-40, you may notice certain fields from your layer are not available in the attributes list. The reason for this is because certain types of data that are supported by XMap, such as document, URL, and currency fields, are not compatible with the device.

    After all of the form parameters are set, click the Create button.

    Step 3—Transferring a Form to the PN-40

    A GIS point layer containing a PN-compatible form can be sent directly to a connected PN-40 from the Workspace in XMap’s GIS tab or it can be saved in a user-specified location and distributed via e-mail or manually copied to one or more SD cards. Simply right-click the layer name or choose the Send to PN-Series Device from the Tools menu to display the Export Points dialog box.

    If the source layer contains existing data, these points along with their corresponding attributes will be copied to each PN-40 device that either directly or indirectly receives the form. If no preexisting data is present, such as in cases where the form is being used exclusively for data collection, an empty layer will be sent.

    If the points and the form are being saved locally, two folders will be created at the specified location: a forms folder and a GPX folder. It is important that the recipient of these files replicates these folders on their SD card before inserting it into their device.

    Another method for distributing XMap Forms to multiple PN-40 users is to use XMap’s data synchronization feature. This process transfers the entire source layer to a local version of XMap from where the form and data can be directly transferred to the device using the process described above. For more information on synchronization, refer to the XMap 7 Administration Guide.

    Step 4—Collecting or Editing Data on the PN-40

    The process of transferring the form and data to the PN-40, as described above, creates the necessary files on the SD card within the PN-40. Before using the form, these files must be loaded into the internal memory of the device. This process is initiated from the Waypoints screen on the device by clicking the MENU button, selecting File, and selecting Open. After choosing the appropriate layer, a list of existing points will be displayed in the Waypoints list. If the layer is empty a blank waypoint screen is displayed.

    Collecting Data – To create a new point, press the Mark (pushpin) button at the bottom of the PN-40. The preconfigured form will be automatically displayed allowing the user to enter the appropriate data pertaining to that point. Use the arrow buttons to scroll between the available fields. When the form is complete, there is no need to save the point as it is automatically stored in the internal memory of the device. Instead, simply press the QUIT button to return to the previous screen or press the Mark button to create a new point.

    Editing Data – To edit the attributes for an existing point, use the up or down arrows on the PN-40 to highlight the point in the Waypoints list and press the ENTER button on the device. Alternatively, move the cursor on the PN-40 screen to hover over the required waypoint and press the ENTER button. Initially, the attributes will be displayed as a read-only list. To enable editing, press the MENU button and select Edit Waypoint. All the attribute fields are now editable.

    Deleting Points – Be careful when deleting points that were transferred to the PN-40 because when the data is later merged back into the source layer in XMap, the original point in the GIS layer will be deleted as well. To delete a point, select it from the Waypoints list or from the map as described above and press the ENTER button. After verifying from the attributes list that the point in question is no longer needed, press the MENU button again and select Delete Waypoint.

    Moving Points – To move an existing point, enable the editing function as previously described and select the coordinates in the Position field. Note that these coordinates are assigned by the PN-40 and may not necessarily reflect the coordinates in the original data in XMap. After pressing the ENTER button, use the left and right arrow buttons to highlight each individual number in the coordinates and press the up and down arrows to adjust the values as needed.

    After the data collection or editing process is complete, press the MENU button when displaying the Waypoints Page, select File and then Save. This copies the collected points back to the GPX file on the SD card in preparation for transfer into the original GIS layer in XMap. Note the same form can be used over again so there is no need to transfer a new version to the PN-40 for each data collection event.

    Step 5—Transferring Field-Collected Data into XMap

    The GPX file that was created when the form and accompanying points were transferred to the PN-40 retains its association with the original GIS layer so the process of merging collected data into XMap automatically adds the new points to the layer. Furthermore, any attribute edits or point deletions are also applied to the original layer.

    To merge collected data, right-click the layer name in the Workspace in XMap or choose the Import from PN-Series Device from the Tools menu to display the Import from PN Series Device dialog box. The import process automatically recognizes the data layers on a connected PN-40 and displays the associated GIS layer for each data layer. This dialog box also offers the option to browse to another location if the GPX files have been emailed or manually transferred from remote PN-40 users.

    To update the source layer with the new data, click the Merge button.

    Employing XMap Forms functionality on the PN-40 significantly increases the value of the device by transforming it from a field data viewer into a fully functional GIS data collector. No comparably priced GPS receiver offers this level of functionality and provides access to such a wide variety of data at the jobsite, wherever that may be.

    Posted in Uncategorized | Leave a Comment »

    Utilizing GPS and GIS Technology for Emergency Management

    January 26, 2010

    In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in location-based technology among organizations and agencies that would previously have considered these tools to be beyond their means. The emergence of low-cost and Web-based mapping applications and the ubiquitous availability of worldwide satellite-enabled navigation have instilled a spatial mindset within a broad cross-section of the population. Software offerings such as DeLorme’s XMap and GPS receivers such as the rugged Earthmate PN-40 are bringing this technology firmly down to earth.

    The utilization of geographic intelligence has been particularly evident in the field of emergency management and response, where GPS technology has long played a critical role and where GIS—Geographic Information System—is now coming to the forefront. Response agencies at the national, regional, and local levels are learning that the efficient management of data plays a critical role in all aspects of emergency management, from mitigation to recovery.

    Unlike in many other situations where the benefits of a GIS are measured in terms of increased efficiency, higher productivity, and ultimately dollars and cents, the benefit of this technology for emergency managers is that it saves lives. No matter what the situation, whether it is a major natural disaster, such as an earthquake, hurricane, or flood, or a local search and rescue operation, GIS can and should play a key role.

    GIS Defined
    While many GIS specialists might offer a more complex definition of their chosen field, the basic tenet of a GIS is fairly straightforward. A GIS is a system for managing data in its locational context. Typically, a GIS is a computer-based system for gathering, storing, organizing, and distributing location-based information.

    Why GIS?
    A well-organized GIS provides an invaluable tool for collecting data from a variety of sources, organizing it into a usable format, and efficiently redeploying the data to those who need it most. In the field of emergency management, a GIS can reduce response time, eliminate redundancy, streamline the allocation of personnel and resources, and can provide crucial information for planning future operations. Additionally, the common file formats in which GIS data is usually stored offer an easy means to share maps and data with other responding agencies.

    Integrating GIS and GPS
    It is frequently assumed that GIS and GPS are inherently connected; however, the interoperability of these two technologies is often a difficult process necessitating the conversion of files to allow the exchange of data from one platform to the other. Few handheld GPS receivers offer the option of  viewing GIS layers or aerial imagery, a feature which serves to extend the reach of the GIS infrastructure to remote locations. Nor do they typically provide the means to collect field observations that can be easily integrated into a centrally managed GIS. It was with this in mind that DeLorme developed the Earthmate PN-40, a GPS receiver that offers a unique set of capabilities.

    Foremost is its ability to display map data from a wide variety of sources, including aerial imagery, USGS maps, NOAA charts, GIS layers, and more. Additionally, this waterproof device can be used to collect data using the innovative XMap Forms capability. This powerful component of the XMap suite utilizes customized drop-down lists, check boxes and simple text entry to not only mark a critical point but to record a wealth of invaluable information about the location. Back at the command post, the field-collected data from multiple PN-40s is integrated directly into a GIS layer, allowing emergency managers to quickly discern the spatial characteristics of the data and to make better operational decisions.

    GIS for Emergency Management
    Often the development of a GIS is approached as a three-phase effort: data collection, data processing, and data sharing. For emergency managers, much of the data collection and processing can be performed as part of the preparation work. A broad range of relevant data can be imported or created to reflect what might typically be required in an emergency within the jurisdiction of the responding agency.

    When an emergency strikes, the GIS infrastructure needs to be flexible enough to work in the field and to incorporate all of the additional data that will be collected as part of the emergency operation. In such a dynamic and challenging setting, the system must be easy to manage and the data must be accessible to those with limited knowledge of GIS. An overly complex GIS requiring a specialist to run it may become an unwelcome bottleneck when the need for data and maps becomes critical.

    Typically, GIS software is designed for office use; however, DeLorme’s XMap, which has been developed on the platform of the company’s renowned navigational software and includes route planning and GPS interoperability as standard features, has helped redefine GIS. XMap is equally at home in the office, in the vehicle, in the field, or wherever emergency operations are managed.

    GIS and GPS for Search and Rescue Operations
    When a hiker fails to show up at a designated rendezvous spot or a child goes missing after wandering away from a campsite, the local emergency response agency quickly steps up to the plate, often assisted by other organizations and willing volunteers. From the outset, a high degree of organization is essential.

    Many searchers will be unfamiliar with the area so there is the risk of escalating the crisis if those who are searching becoming lost themselves. Others, eager to assist, may take it upon themselves to initiate a search without any collaboration with the agency in command and without access to potentially critical directions.

    A GIS will allow the emergency manager to identify and record any currently available information: Where was the subject last seen? In which direction was he heading? What are the terrain, land cover, and natural vegetation in the proposed search area? Where are the best access points? With all of this information at hand, a strategy can be developed and a plan initiated.

    A useful component of the GIS for both assigning response teams and keeping track of areas covered is a grid superimposed on the search area. By way of preparation, a custom floating grid can be created in XMap and dragged to the target area. For those responders who do not have access to a GPS device, a map displaying this grid along with all of the other pertinent information can be printed. Users of DeLorme’s PN-40 GPS receiver can have the same map sent directly to the device so as they proceed on their designated search path, they can see where they are in relation to the grid.

    Upon returning to the command center, the track recorded by each GPS device is imported into XMap and overlaid on the grid to determine which areas have not yet been covered in the search. The GIS tools in XMap allow each track to be buffered creating a wider swath on the map so that a more realistic perspective of the actual area searched can be ascertained. XMap’s spatial querying and symbolization capabilities are then used to create an updated map that is then redeployed to each PN-40.

    Classification or color-coding of the tracks is used to map the area searched by each team. For example, the track files that were recorded and downloaded from the GPS receiver used by the canine unit could be represented by a unique color, allowing the emergency manager to see where this particular team should be assigned next.

    The collection of point-specific data is also important in the search and rescue effort. Tagging a location where evidence has been found is a simple process using the PN-40. A button on the device is used to create a labeled waypoint to which detailed comments can be added. As with tracks, this point data is easily integrated into a GIS layer allowing all of the information to be centrally managed and, if necessary, updated and redeployed.

    If a photographic record is also appropriate, XMap includes a tool for automatically assigning a series of downloaded digital photographs to the precise point on the map at which they were taken. This geo-referenced photo can be displayed as a thumbnail image on the map or as a hyperlink, which opens the full size photograph.

    For emergency managers, the application of GIS does not end with the completion of the search operation. All of the data that has been collected during the rescue effort can be reviewed and analyzed to help plan and prepare for future events. It can also be used to create simulations for the purpose of training other responding agencies.

    Conclusion
    A GIS is a tool that manages information to enable better decision-making and nowhere is the decision-making process more important than in emergency management and response. Among the critical considerations when deciding to apply spatial technology for emergency management and response are the flexibility and suitability of the system for field applications, the accessibility of the technology for novice-GIS users, the interoperability with other applications and data sources, and the ability to efficiently share data with handheld GPS receivers.

    XMap GIS software and accompanying Earthmate PN-40 GPS receiver from DeLorme meet all of these requirements and collectively provide a perfect mapping and GPS platform for all emergency operations.

    Posted in Uncategorized, XMap at Work | Leave a Comment »

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